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Cerebral arteriosclerosis is a condition where the arteries supplying the brain thicken, harden, and lose elasticity. This is a form of arteriosclerosis, a broader term for hardening of the arteries. The most common and serious type affecting these vessels is atherosclerosis, caused by the buildup of fats, cholesterol, and other substances, forming plaques.

These plaques can narrow the arteries, reducing blood flow to the brain. This can lead to stroke if blood flow is blocked or to other neurological issues. Risk factors include high cholesterol, high blood pressure, smoking, and diabetes. Diagnosis can involve imaging techniques like cerebral angiography.

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