centrilobular emphysema

Centrilobular emphysema is a form of irreversible lung disease characterized by the destruction of alveolar walls, beginning in the center of the lobule. This condition primarily affects cigarette smokers and is often found in the upper lobes of the lungs. The destruction of alveoli and their capillaries reduces the surface area available for gas exchange, leading to impaired breathing.12

Key features include:
* Destruction of alveolar walls.1
* Most common in cigarette smokers.12
* Typically affects the upper lobes of the lungs.1
* Leads to reduced surface area for oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange.2
* Causes increased resistance to airflow, particularly during expiration.2

While often coexisting with chronic bronchitis, emphysema is a distinct process.12