calcium silicate hydrate
Quick Summary
Calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H) is a key compound formed during the hydration of Portland cement when it reacts with water. This reaction, primarily involving calcium silicates (C₂S and C₃S), produces C–S–H and calcium hydroxide (CH). C–S–H is an amorphous gel with a variable composition, not a precisely ordered structure.1
This gel-like material, along with calcium hydroxide, is responsible for the hardening of cement and concrete, acting as the binder that holds them together. The C₃S component of cement contributes significantly to early strength development, while C₂S is responsible for strength gains in the later stages. The formation of C–S–H and CH occurs after an initial dormant period, which is crucial for the practical application of concrete.12
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