burial metamorphism

Burial metamorphism is the initial stage of metamorphism that occurs when sediments and volcanic debris are buried. This process involves changes in mineralogy and rock fabric due to increasing temperature and pressure. In the zeolite facies, which characterizes burial metamorphism, reactions are often incomplete, and metamorphic fabrics may be poorly developed.12

Characteristic minerals in this facies include zeolites, which are hydrated silicates stable at temperatures below 300°C (572°F). As burial depth and temperature increase, more complex mineral assemblages can form, such as those involving muscovite, chlorite, biotite, and garnet, with water being progressively released through dehydration reactions. This process is a fundamental part of how rocks transform deep within the Earth.231