brightline spectrum

A bright-line spectrum, also known as an emission spectrum, displays bright lines against a dark background. These lines are created when a photon of a specific energy causes an ion, atom, or molecule to change its energy state.12

When an atom or molecule transitions from a higher energy state to a lower one, it emits this excess energy as a photon, resulting in an emission line. Conversely, in an absorption spectrum, specific wavelengths of light are absorbed by the substance, causing dark lines or gaps in the spectrum. Each element has a unique set of spectral lines, acting as a distinct "fingerprint" that allows for its identification. These spectral lines are fundamental to understanding the composition and properties of stars and other celestial objects.2345