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A barranca is a geological formation characterized by a steep bank or bluff, or a deep gully or arroyo with steep sides. The term can also refer to a steep wall of rock, earth, or ice. Barrancas are similar in nature to cliffs, escarpments, palisades, and ravines. The word originates from American Spanish and is derived from the Spanish word barranco, meaning cliff, precipice, gully, or ravine.1234

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  4. canyon

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