apolipoprotein

Apolipoproteins are proteins that combine with lipids to form lipoproteins. These complexes are essential for transporting lipids, which are water-insoluble molecules, throughout the body via the circulatory system. Lipids are vital for storing energy, forming cell membranes, and are transported in the blood by lipoprotein particles like chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, and HDL.123

Apolipoproteins are synthesized primarily in the intestine and liver. Defects in these proteins, or in the receptors and enzymes that process lipoproteins, can lead to lipid buildup in artery walls, a condition known as atherosclerosis, which can cause heart attacks or strokes. Research into lipoproteins and apolipoproteins is crucial due to the severity of these conditions.23