anticholinergic

Anticholinergic drugs oppose or block the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter crucial for the parasympathetic nervous system. This system controls involuntary functions like smooth muscle contraction, blood vessel dilation, and increased bodily secretions.12

Anticholinergic drugs can cause side effects such as dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, and urinary hesitancy. They are used to treat various conditions, including overactive bladder and bronchial spasms. Examples of anticholinergic drugs include atropine and scopolamine, which suppress parasympathetic actions, leading to dried secretions, relaxed smooth muscles, increased heart rate, and pupil dilation.12

Conversely, anticholinesterase drugs prevent the breakdown of acetylcholine, increasing its levels and stimulating the parasympathetic nervous system. These are used to treat conditions like myasthenia gravis and Alzheimer disease.3