amphotericin B
Quick Summary
Amphotericin B is an antibiotic derived from a soil streptomycete, Streptomyces nodosus. It is primarily administered intravenously to treat serious, potentially life-threatening systemic fungal infections.1
As a polyene antifungal drug, amphotericin B works by interacting with ergosterol in fungal membranes, forming channels that disrupt membrane integrity and lead to the loss of cellular components. Due to structural similarities between ergosterol and cholesterol, amphotericin B can cause toxicity, particularly to the kidneys. Lipid-based formulations are available to reduce this toxicity. It is used for severe fungal diseases like cryptococcal meningitis, histoplasmosis, and blastomycosis.2
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drugMembrane lipids…type is the antifungal agent amphotericin B, which binds to a specific molecule (ergosterol) found in fungal cells. This binding results in the formation of pores in the membrane and leakage of intracellular components, leading to death of the cell.
Read More…type is the antifungal agent amphotericin B, which binds to a specific molecule (ergosterol) found in fungal cells. This binding results in the formation of pores in the membrane and leakage of intracellular components, leading to death of the cell.
Read More- antifungal drugThe polyenes
Polyenes, such as amphotericin B and nystatin, are macrolide antibiotics made up of alternating conjugated double bonds. The polyene drugs work by interacting with ergosterol, a type of steroid that is found in fungal membranes; this binding causes channels to form in the fungal membrane, resulting in the…
Read MorePolyenes, such as amphotericin B and nystatin, are macrolide antibiotics made up of alternating conjugated double bonds. The polyene drugs work by interacting with ergosterol, a type of steroid that is found in fungal membranes; this binding causes channels to form in the fungal membrane, resulting in the…
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- chromoblastomycosis
…local injection of the antibiotic amphotericin B. Extensive disease may require long-term therapy with an oral antifungal drug. Severe chromoblastomycosis frequently is refractory to treatment.
Read More…local injection of the antibiotic amphotericin B. Extensive disease may require long-term therapy with an oral antifungal drug. Severe chromoblastomycosis frequently is refractory to treatment.
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coccidioidomycosis…disease can be treated with amphotericin B. See also cryptococcosis.
Read More…disease can be treated with amphotericin B. See also cryptococcosis.
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cryptococcosis…is with the antifungal drugs amphotericin B and flucytosine. Survival rates of non-HIV-infected patients who are treated with these agents usually is very high.
Read More…is with the antifungal drugs amphotericin B and flucytosine. Survival rates of non-HIV-infected patients who are treated with these agents usually is very high.
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histoplasmosis…be treated with the antibiotic amphotericin B.
Read More…be treated with the antibiotic amphotericin B.
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leishmaniasis…miltefosine; antifungal drugs, such as amphotericin B, fluconazole, ketoconazole, or itraconazole; and compounds of antimony, such as sodium stibogluconate. Spread of the disease is prevented by controlling sand fly populations.
Read More…miltefosine; antifungal drugs, such as amphotericin B, fluconazole, ketoconazole, or itraconazole; and compounds of antimony, such as sodium stibogluconate. Spread of the disease is prevented by controlling sand fly populations.
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mycosis…treatment of superficial mycoses, and amphotericin B and flucytosine have been used in treating subcutaneous and systemic mycoses.
Read More…treatment of superficial mycoses, and amphotericin B and flucytosine have been used in treating subcutaneous and systemic mycoses.
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