acute flaccid myelitis

Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is a rare and serious neurological condition that suddenly affects young children. It causes inflammation in the gray matter of the spinal cord, leading to severe weakness and loss of muscle tone, primarily in the arms or legs.1

Symptoms can also include facial droop, difficulty swallowing, slurred speech, and, in severe cases, respiratory failure. AFM often follows a viral respiratory illness or fever. While viruses like enteroviruses are common causes, other factors such as environmental toxins, autoimmune disorders, or an unknown cause can also be responsible. The abbreviation for acute flaccid myelitis is AFM.12