absorption spectroscopy

Absorption spectroscopy is a scientific technique used in chemical analysis to measure how much electromagnetic radiation a substance absorbs at specific wavelengths. This absorption occurs when a photon of radiation strikes a molecule, exciting it to a higher energy state. The intensity of the radiation decreases as it passes through the sample, and this decrease is measured.1234

The techniques used are called absorptiometry or absorption spectrophotometry. Different substances absorb radiation at unique wavelengths, allowing for both qualitative identification and quantitative measurement of the analyte. This method is broadly categorized by the energy or wavelength of the radiation used, including radiowave, microwave, infrared, and ultraviolet-visible absorptiometry. For instance, infrared absorption is linked to molecular vibrations and is particularly useful for organic qualitative analysis. Ultraviolet-visible absorption, on the other hand, is often used for quantitative analysis as it can detect small analyte concentrations.135467