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Why does water glass dissolve in water while ordinary soda-lime glass does not?

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Water glass (sodium silicate) is soluble in water because it consists primarily of silica and sodium oxide. When these components are fused, the resulting structure lacks the chemical stability required to resist water.12

In contrast, ordinary soda-lime glass is rendered insoluble through the addition of stabilizing oxides, most notably lime (calcium oxide). While soda is added to silica as a flux to lower the melting temperature, it makes the resulting glass highly susceptible to water. The inclusion of lime acts as a stabilizer, chemically bonding with the silica and soda to create a durable, water-resistant material suitable for everyday objects like bottles and windowpanes. Without these stabilizing agents, the high concentration of alkali metal oxides would leave the glass vulnerable to dissolution.342