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The Whipple procedure, also known as a pancreaticoduodenectomy, is a complex surgery primarily used to treat pancreatic cancer and other tumors in the pancreas and bile duct. This procedure involves removing the head of the pancreas, the first part of the small intestine (the duodenum), the gallbladder, and a portion of the bile duct. It is a challenging operation with a high risk of complications, requiring experienced surgeons and extensive hospital stays. The Whipple procedure is typically reserved for cases where there is a reasonable chance of curing the cancer. If the cancer is incurable, surgery may be performed to alleviate symptoms.12

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