Tullio phenomenon

The Tullio phenomenon is a physiological response related to the vestibular system in the inner ear. This system, which includes the semicircular canals, is responsible for maintaining balance and sensing head movements.

When sound waves of a certain frequency and intensity stimulate the semicircular canals, they can cause a sensation of dizziness or vertigo. This occurs because the fluid within the canals, called endolymph, is displaced, triggering the hair cells that send signals to the brain. This can lead to involuntary eye movements (nystagmus) and a feeling of disorientation. The Tullio phenomenon is often associated with disorders affecting the inner ear, such as superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD).123