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The human brain is one of the most complex structures known to science. It contains roughly 86 billion neurons, which form a vast network with trillions of interconnections known as synapses. Collectively, these neuronal networks store memories, interpret sensory information, regulate bodily functions, and enable thought, emotion, language, and consciousness. Remarkably, the brain performs all of these tasks while consuming only about 20 watts of power—less electricity than many household light bulbs. The brain’s low...