TSH-receptor antibody

TSH-receptor antibodies are a type of antibody found in the blood that can mimic the action of thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone, TSH). In individuals with Graves disease, these antibodies bind to TSH receptors on thyroid cells, stimulating excessive production and secretion of thyroid hormones, leading to hyperthyroidism. While these antibodies are a key diagnostic marker for Graves disease, their presence alone does not automatically signify disease; dysfunction must also be present. In contrast, Hashimoto disease, another autoimmune thyroid disorder, is characterized by antibodies against thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin, and sometimes antibodies that block TSH action, leading to hypothyroidism.1234