Sub-Atlantic Climatic Interval

The Sub-Atlantic stage, the last major division of the geologic record, began around 2200 BP and lasted until 0 BP. This period coincides with significant cultural developments, including the rise of the Roman Empire in Europe, classical dynasties in China, and pre-Incan cultures in Peru.1

Evidence for climate trends during this stage comes from various sources, such as ancient Chinese records of auroras and sunspot numbers, which reflect solar activity. Documentary evidence, including the timing of festivals, lake freezing, floods, blizzards, droughts, harvest yields, and disease statistics, also provides insights into climate variations. Water levels in closed basins like the Caspian Sea and the Dead Sea reflect precipitation and runoff, offering further climatic data.1