Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is a widely used self-report personality test. It is designed to measure a variety of psychological aspects, including feelings, motivations, and interpersonal attitudes.

The MMPI was developed by identifying patterns of responses that distinguished individuals with specific mental disorders from those considered psychologically healthy. It includes clinical scales to assess conditions like schizophrenia and paranoia, as well as control scales to detect response biases such as the tendency to present oneself favorably (L scale) or carelessness (F scale). The MMPI is utilized in clinical settings for diagnosis and treatment planning, for employee selection, and in psychological research. It has been revised over time to improve its clarity and relevance.1