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How does ovulation release an egg from an ovary?

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Front view anatomical diagrams of the male and female reproductive systems, with labeled organs including penis, testis, prostate gland, uterus, ovary, and vagina. — human reproductive system Organs and structures of the male and female reproductive systems.

Ovulation is the process by which a mature egg is released from the ovary. This process is regulated by follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone produced by the pituitary gland.21

During the menstrual cycle, an egg matures within a follicle—a fluid-filled capsule of cells. As the follicle ripens, it migrates from the deeper tissue of the ovary toward the outer surface. Once the follicle reaches the surface, the follicular wall thins, and the pressure from the follicle and its fluid causes the ovarian wall to bulge.21

When the follicle eventually ruptures, the egg, along with the fluid and some surrounding tissue, is released from the ovary. These contents are then directed into the nearby fallopian tube, which serves as the passageway to the uterus and the site where fertilization by sperm may occur. Following the rupture, the remaining follicular cells transform into the corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone to support a potential pregnancy.2134