Britannica Sources used in this answer

How does follicle-stimulating hormone support egg and sperm development?

Created from Britannica articles using AI. AI can make mistakes, so verify using Britannica articles.

Diagram comparing reproductive pathways: arrows show sexual reproduction forming a diploid zygote from oocyte and sperm, haploid parthenogenesis forming a haploid individual, and two types of diploid parthenogenesis-automixis and apomixis-both resulting in diploid individuals. Symbols indicate haploid and diploid stages. — Animal reproductive system The process of sexual reproduction and several forms of parthenogenesis.

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a gonadotropic hormone produced by the pituitary gland that plays a critical role in regulating the gonads in both sexes.1

In females, FSH works in conjunction with luteinizing hormone to stimulate the development of the graafian follicle, which is a small, egg-containing vesicle within the ovary. This process is essential for the rhythmic, cyclical nature of ovulation.1

In males, FSH promotes the development of the seminiferous tubules within the testes and facilitates the differentiation of sperm cells. While FSH is necessary for the maturation of spermatozoa, testosterone also plays a vital role in supporting spermatogenesis. Once maturation is established, testosterone can maintain this activity, and additional FSH may not be required for extended periods.12