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How do gonadotropins from the pituitary gland regulate the gonads?

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Diagram comparing reproductive pathways: arrows show sexual reproduction forming a diploid zygote from oocyte and sperm, haploid parthenogenesis forming a haploid individual, and two types of diploid parthenogenesis-automixis and apomixis-both resulting in diploid individuals. Symbols indicate haploid and diploid stages. — Animal reproductive system The process of sexual reproduction and several forms of parthenogenesis.

The pituitary gland regulates the gonads through the secretion of two primary gonadotropins: luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). These hormones operate in conjunction to control reproductive development and function.123

Functions in Females

FSH: Stimulates the maturation of graafian follicles and the synthesis of estrogens.32
LH: Triggers ovulation and promotes the transformation of the ruptured follicle into the corpus luteum, which then secretes progesterone.12

Functions in Males

FSH: Promotes the development of the tubules in the testes and the differentiation of sperm.32
LH: Stimulates interstitial cells (Leydig cells) to secrete androgens, such as testosterone.12

Generally, these gonadotropins stimulate the gonads to produce steroid hormones that influence reproductive characteristics and behaviors across vertebrate species.4