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How do follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone affect reproduction?

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human endocrine system The principal glands of the female and male human endocrine systems.

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) are gonadotropic hormones produced by the pituitary gland that work in tandem to regulate the reproductive system.12

In Females:
* FSH: Promotes the development of the graafian follicle in the ovary. Its cyclical release is essential for monthly ovulation.1
* LH: Triggers ovulation and subsequently promotes the transformation of the ruptured follicle into the corpus luteum. This structure then secretes progesterone, which is vital for preparing the uterus for implantation and maintaining pregnancy.23

In Males:
* FSH: Stimulates the development of the tubules in the testes and supports the maturation of spermatozoa.1
* LH: Stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to secrete testosterone, the primary male sex hormone.2

The delicate interplay between these hormones and the gonads is governed by feedback mechanisms involving the hypothalamus, allowing the body to adjust reproductive cycles.3