How did Aryabhata’s Aryabhatiya influence Islamic astronomy?

Aryabhata’s Aryabhatiya profoundly influenced Islamic astronomy after it was translated into Arabic in the early 9th century under the title Zīj al-Arjabhar. This translation served as a vital conduit for introducing Indian mathematical and astronomical methods into the Islamic world.1

Key aspects of this influence include:

• Trigonometry: The Aryabhatiya contained the first table of sines, based on the Indian ardha-jya (half-chord) function. When translated into Arabic, the term jiva was retained as jaib, which was later translated into Latin as sinus, the origin of the modern sine function.2
• Mathematical Techniques: The work introduced sophisticated methods for arithmetic and algebra, including algorithms for square and cube roots and solutions for indeterminate equations, which helped shape the development of Islamic mathematical astronomy.31
• Astronomical Parameters: By providing foundational data on planetary motion, time calculations, and spherical astronomy, the text helped establish a framework that influenced later scholars in the Muslim world as they integrated Indian and Greek scientific traditions.314