How can cytomegalovirus be transmitted by sexual contact?

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a member of the Herpesviridae family and is transmitted through sexual contact or exposure to infected body fluids. While the virus is not considered highly contagious, it spreads between individuals through the exchange of these fluids during intimate contact.1

In addition to sexual transmission, CMV can be spread through the exchange of saliva, such as during deep kissing. Because the virus is present in various bodily secretions, any close contact that facilitates the transfer of these fluids can serve as a route for infection.21

It is important to note that while CMV is often associated with these modes of transmission, it rarely causes serious illness in healthy adults. However, it remains a significant health concern for individuals with compromised immune systems and is the most common cause of congenital infection in newborns.1