Hering-Breuer reflex

physiology

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June 29, 2026

Quick Summary

The Hering-Breuer reflex is a physiological response that helps regulate breathing. It is initiated by lung expansion, which activates stretch receptors in the airways. These receptors send signals to the brainstem via the vagus nerve.1

This reflex plays a role in preventing over-inflation of the lungs. When the lungs expand significantly, the Hering-Breuer reflex shortens the duration of inhalation and increases the breathing rate. Conversely, if lung inflation is prevented, the reflex allows for longer inhalation, helping to maintain adequate tidal volume.1

This mechanism was described by German physiologist Ewald Hering and Austrian physiologist Josef Breuer in 1868.12

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Josef Breuer
…in 1868 he described the Hering-Breuer reflex involved in the sensory control of inhalations and exhalations in normal breathing. In 1873 he discovered the sensory function of the semicircular canals in the inner ear and their relation to positional sense or balance. He practiced medicine and was physician to many…
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…in 1868 he described the Hering-Breuer reflex involved in the sensory control of inhalations and exhalations in normal breathing. In 1873 he discovered the sensory function of the semicircular canals in the inner ear and their relation to positional sense or balance. He practiced medicine and was physician to many…
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human respiratory system
Muscle and lung receptors
The Hering-Breuer reflex is initiated by lung expansion, which excites stretch receptors in the airways. Stimulation of these receptors, which send signals to the medulla by the vagus nerve, shortens inspiratory times as tidal volume (the volume of air inspired) increases, accelerating the frequency of breathing.…
Read More
The Hering-Breuer reflex is initiated by lung expansion, which excites stretch receptors in the airways. Stimulation of these receptors, which send signals to the medulla by the vagus nerve, shortens inspiratory times as tidal volume (the volume of air inspired) increases, accelerating the frequency of breathing.…
Read More