Hall voltage

The Hall effect is the development of a transverse electric field in a solid material. This occurs when the material carries an electric current and is placed in a magnetic field perpendicular to the current. Discovered by Edwin Herbert Hall in 1879, the phenomenon arises from the force the magnetic field exerts on moving charged particles within the current. This force displaces the charges sideways, creating an accumulation of charge on one side of the conductor and a resulting potential difference, or Hall voltage, across it. The sign of this voltage indicates whether positive or negative charges are the primary current carriers. The Hall effect can be used to measure properties like the density and mobility of charge carriers.12