Enterobacter cloacae

Enterobacter cloacae is a species of gram-negative bacteria belonging to the genus Enterobacter. These rod-shaped bacteria are facultative anaerobes, meaning they can survive in both oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor environments. Many Enterobacter species, including E. cloacae, are found naturally in the intestines of animals and are widespread in soil, water, and sewage.

Enterobacter species are known to be opportunistic pathogens in humans, capable of causing infections such as urinary tract infections, pneumonia, bacteremia, and meningitis. These infections are often acquired in healthcare settings like hospitals. The emergence of drug-resistant strains, particularly those producing beta-lactamases that break down certain antibiotics, complicates treatment. E. cloacae can also play a role in nitrogen fixation in plants.1