Cartesian product

The Cartesian product, also known as the direct product, is a mathematical operation that constructs a new set from two given sets. This new set consists of all possible ordered pairs where the first element comes from the first set and the second element comes from the second set. For example, if set A = {x, y} and set B = {3, 6, 9}, the Cartesian product A × B would be {(x, 3), (x, 6), (x, 9), (y, 3), (y, 6), (y, 9)}. This concept is fundamental in set theory and has applications in areas like analytic geometry, where points are represented as ordered pairs of coordinates.123