Since the conclusion of a memorandum of understanding in June 2026 that seeks to end the Iran war, Iran has repeatedly threatened and attacked ships passing through the Strait of Hormuz. It hopes to coerce commercial vessels and the international community into following routes and protocols set by Iran that would allow it to control the strait and collect fees on ships passing through. Iran’s activity in the strait has provoked strikes by the United States, particularly after three ships were attacked on July 6–7. On July 7, as the United States stepped up strikes against Iranian assets, U.S. Pres. Donald Trump said that he considered the truce to be over. The following day he said that the exchange of fire would not lead to long-term military action, but the conflict escalated considerably in the days ahead.
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