Chandragupta Maurya (reigned c. 321–c. 297 bce) was the founder of the Mauryan dynasty, which lasted from about 321 to 185 bce, and the first emperor to unite most of India under one administration. Chandragupta I (reigned c. 319–c. 335 or 350 ce) was the founder of the Gupta dynasty, which ruled northern and parts of central and western India from the early 4th century to the mid-6th century ce. Chandragupta II (or Vikramaditya, “Sun of Valor”; (reigned c. 375–413/415 ce), Chandragupta I’s grandson, extended the Gupta empire to Ujjain (in present-day Madhya Pradesh), and his reign is associated with cultural and intellectual achievements.
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