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What was the trial of St. Joan of Arc, and how did it lead to her death?

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In 1430 St. Joan of Arc was captured by Burgundian forces and handed over to the English to be tried as a heretic. She was subjected to a prolonged ecclesiastical trial that began on January 9, 1431, in Rouen, France. Charged with heresy, suicide, and other crimes, she was eventually convicted but offered a chance to abjure her beliefs, after which she was sentenced to life imprisonment. She was later charged with heretical relapse when she condemned this abjuration and was burned to death on May 30, 1431, at age 19. Few witnesses of her death seem to have doubted her salvation, and Pope Calixtus III annulled her sentence in 1455–56.