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Which other seed plants have motile sperm like Ginkgo biloba?
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Among extant seed plants, only the ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) and the cycads possess motile, flagellate sperm.12
While most other seed plantsāincluding conifers and angiospermsāhave evolved to rely on pollen tubes to deliver non-motile sperm nuclei directly to the egg, the presence of swimming sperm in ginkgo and cycads is considered a primitive, transitional evolutionary condition. In both of these groups, the sperm are multiflagellate and are released into a fertilization chamber within the ovule, where they swim briefly before fusing with the egg.132