Rauwolfia serpentina
Quick Summary
Rauwolfia serpentina is a plant species native to tropical regions, belonging to the dogbane family. Its roots contain alkaloids, most notably reserpine. Historically, the powdered root was used to treat various ailments, including snakebites, insomnia, high blood pressure (hypertension), and insanity.123
Reserpine, isolated in 1952, was one of the first Rauwolfia alkaloids identified. It was once used as a tranquilizer, particularly for schizophrenia, and is still sometimes used for hypertension, although newer medications are now preferred due to fewer side effects. Some Rauwolfia species are also cultivated as ornamentals.21
Ask Britannica AI about this topic
Britannica doesn't have a full article on this topic, so we've curated a list of our relevant coverage.