Piper

plant genus

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Last updated

July 1, 2026

Quick Summary

The genus Piper belongs to the Piperaceae family, which is known for plants with aromatic properties. This family includes about 2,000 species, with Piper nigrum being the most commercially significant as the source of black and white pepper.1

Piper species are typically shrubs, woody vines, or small trees found in tropical and subtropical regions. Many are utilized in traditional medicines, as well as in food and beverages for their spicy and flavoring qualities. The pungency of Piper peppers is due to compounds like chavicine and piperine. Beyond culinary uses, some Piper species, such as P. methysticum (kava), are used to create ceremonial drinks with sedative effects.12

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Piperaceae
…5 genera, of which 2—Piper (about 2,000 species) and Peperomia (about 1,600 species)—are the most important. The plants grow as herbs, vines, shrubs, and trees and are widely distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics.
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…5 genera, of which 2—Piper (about 2,000 species) and Peperomia (about 1,600 species)—are the most important. The plants grow as herbs, vines, shrubs, and trees and are widely distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics.
Read More