Why do local eddies form in the Mediterranean Sea?

Local eddies form in the Mediterranean Sea primarily due to the complex nature of the region's geography and hydrodynamics. Because the northern coastline is intricate and features numerous islands, these physical barriers disrupt water flow, leading to the development of many small eddies and local currents that are essential components of the sea's general circulation.1

Additionally, the interaction between different water masses and the seafloor contributes to eddy formation. For instance, the Mediterranean overflow current—a dense, saline current exiting through the Strait of Gibraltar—spins off large eddies known as "Meddies" as it flows along the continental slope, particularly near capes. These features further complicate the circulation patterns within and around the basin.21