Why did Hari Singh sign the Instrument of Accession to India in October 1947?

Following the partition of the Indian subcontinent in 1947, Hari Singh, the maharaja of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, initially sought to maintain his state's independence by delaying a decision on whether to join India or Pakistan.12

However, in October 1947, the state faced an internal revolution among Muslim subjects along its western borders and an intervention by armed Pashtun tribesmen. Faced with this military crisis, the maharaja signed the Instrument of Accession to the Indian union. This legal act made Kashmir a part of India, which in turn provided the state with the immediate military assistance necessary to counter the armed rebellion. This decision ultimately precipitated the first war between India and Pakistan over control of the region.123