When did Chile gain independence from Spain?

Chile declared its independence from Spain on February 12, 1818, exactly one year after the patriot victory at the Battle of Chacabuco.1

While the initial move toward self-government began with the formation of a junta on September 18, 1810, the path to full sovereignty was marked by significant conflict. Following a period of Spanish reassertion of control, patriot forces led by Bernardo O’Higgins and José de San Martín secured a critical victory at Chacabuco in 1817. The final decisive defeat of Spanish forces on the Chilean mainland occurred at the Battle of Maipú on April 5, 1818, effectively ensuring the nation's emancipation.1