Britannica Sources used in this answer

What did United Nations Resolution 181 propose for Palestine in 1947?

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Panoramic view of a small valley with a stream, olive trees, and terraced hillsides in the countryside near Ramallah, Palestine, under a sky with scattered clouds. — Palestine View from a small valley with a stream between large hills of olive groves.

In 1947, the United Nations General Assembly passed Resolution 181, which proposed the partition of Palestine into two separate states: one Arab and one Jewish.12

The resolution included the following key provisions:

Statehood: The plan called for the creation of independent Arab and Jewish states.1
Jerusalem: The city of Jerusalem and its surrounding area, including Bethlehem, were to be established as a corpus separatum (a "separate entity") governed by a special international regime under a UN-appointed governor.12
Implementation: While the Jewish community in Palestine viewed the resolution as a legal basis for the establishment of Israel, the Arab community rejected the plan. Ultimately, the resolution was never implemented, and the region saw the outbreak of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War following the end of the British mandate.12