Vanuatu: References & Edit History

Additional Reading

General introductions are found in Jocelyn Harewood, Tione Chula, and Vincent Talbot, Vanuatu & New Caledonia, 5th ed. (2006); and Norman Douglas and Ngaire Douglas, Pacific Islands Yearbook, 17th ed. (1994). José Garanger, Archaeology of the New Hebrides: Contribution to the Knowledge of the Central Islands (1982; originally published in French, 1972), provides an account of the excavation of Roy Mata’s burial site. Michael Allen (ed.), Vanuatu: Politics, Economics, and Ritual in Island Melanesia (1981), contains comparative ethnographic studies. University of the South Pacific, Institute of Pacific Studies, Vanuatu (1980), has contributions by leading ni-Vanuatu figures. Historical information may be found in Jeremy MacClancy, To Kill a Bird with Two Stones: A Short History of Vanuatu, 3rd ed. (2002); and Ron Adams, In the Land of Strangers: A Century of European Contact with Tanna, 1774–1874 (1984), an account of the first hundred years of European contact.

Article Contributors

Primary Contributors

  • Ron Adams
  • Sophie Foster
    Journalist, Suva, Fiji.
  • The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
    Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.

Other Encyclopedia Britannica Contributors

Article History

Type Description Contributor Date
Added media. Oct 22, 2026
Country Profile: Removed literacy rate. Oct 16, 2026
Country Profile: Updated Head of government. Feb 11, 2025
Country Profile: Updated Head of government. Oct 09, 2023
Country Profile: Updated Head of government. Sep 05, 2023
Links added. Aug 11, 2023
Add new Web site: Official Tourism Site of Vanuatu. Jun 29, 2023
Add new Web site: Michigan State University - globalEDGE - Vanuatu. Jan 05, 2023
Country Profile: Updated Head of government. Nov 04, 2022
Add new Web site: GlobalSecurity.org - Vanuatu. Oct 05, 2022
Country Profile: Updated Head of state. Jul 25, 2022
Country Profile: Updated head of government. Apr 20, 2020
Add new Web site: The Commonwealth - Vanuatu. Oct 21, 2019
Add new Web site: Interesting Facts for Kids - Interesting Guinea Bissau Facts. Jan 20, 2019
In the People section, clarified that some seven-tenths of the population is Protestant, with Presbyterians constituting the largest denomination. Jan 11, 2018
Country Profile: Expanded statistics in country profile. Aug 14, 2017
Country Profile: Updated head of government. Jul 07, 2017
Country Profile: Updated head of state. Jun 20, 2017
Media added. Mar 09, 2017
Add new Web site: National Geographic - Travel - Vanuatu. Dec 12, 2016
Add new Web site: World InfoZone - Vanuatu. Dec 09, 2016
In People section, updated information on religious affiliation; in Economy section, updated major trade partners. Jun 08, 2016
Added locator map to the Introduction; in People and Economy sections, added data charts. Jun 08, 2016
Country Profile: Updated head of government. Feb 12, 2016
Country Profile: Updated head of government. Jun 12, 2015
Updated for damage caused by Cyclone Pam. Mar 16, 2015
Media added. Mar 16, 2015
Country Profile: Updated head of state. Sep 22, 2014
Country Profile: Updated head of state. Sep 10, 2014
Country Profile: Updated head of government. May 19, 2014
Country Profile: Updated head of government. Mar 29, 2013
Country Profile: Added name of head of state and head of government, along with urban-rural, life expectancy, literacy, and GNI per capita statistics. Mar 01, 2012
Replaced photograph. Oct 27, 2011
Add new Web site: Iloveindia.com - Vanuatu Island. Jul 29, 2011
Add new Web site: Official Tourism Site of Vanatu Island. Jul 28, 2011
Add new Web site: World Health Organisation - Vanuatu Island. Jul 28, 2011
Add new Web site: Official Site of Vanuatu Island. Jul 28, 2011
Add new Web site: Buzzle.com - Vanuatu Island. Jul 28, 2011
National anthem added. Dec 21, 2010
Country Profile: Updated area and population figures. Mar 12, 2010
Country Profile: Updated Capital. Oct 20, 2009
Added new Web site: National Geographic - Travel and Cultures - Vanuatu. Apr 17, 2009
Article thoroughly revised. Oct 15, 2008
Bibliography reviewed and updated. Oct 15, 2008
History updated. Oct 15, 2008
Added new Web site: Nomads - Explore Vanuatu. Sep 08, 2008
Added new Web site: How Stuff Works - Geography - Geography of Vanuatu. Jul 30, 2008
Added new Web site: Official Site for the Vanuatu Statistics Office. Dec 21, 2006
Added new Web site: Library of Congress - Vanuatu - Selected Internet Resources. Aug 08, 2006
Added new Web site: CIA - The World Factbook - Vanuatu. Jul 24, 2006
Added new Web site: Travel Document Systems - Vanuatu. Jul 21, 2006
Article added to new online database. Jul 26, 1999
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