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Svalbard
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Svalbard, Norway
Tracking climate changes by studying ancient glacial ice
Spitsbergen, Norway: polar bear Map of the Arctic region highlighting the Svalbard archipelago in orange, located north of mainland Norway in the Arctic Ocean. Surrounding countries such as Norway, Russia, Greenland (Denmark), Iceland, Canada, and the United States (Alaska) are labeled, with major seas and islands in the polar area also shown. An inset in the upper left provides a global locator for the region. The angular concrete entrance of the Svalbard Global Seed Vault is built into a barren hillside on Spitsbergen island, with a blue-lit glass installation above the door.
How the Svalbard Global Seed Vault preserves the planet's seeds
See how crop seeds are stored and conserved in the Svalbard Global Seed Vault in Longyearbyen, Norway
At a Glance
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Svalbard summary
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Island, New Caledonia.
Islands and Archipelagos
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Svalbard: References & Edit History

Article Contributors

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  • The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
    Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.

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Article History

Type Description Contributor Date
Invalidated site: Central Intelligence Agency - The World Factbook - Svalbard. Jul 18, 2026
Add new Web site: PNAS - Svalbard’s 2024 record summer: An early view of Arctic glacier meltdown? Apr 18, 2026
Add new Web site: Frontiers - Frontiers in Human Dynamics - Coping with rapid and cascading changes in Svalbard: the case of nature-based tourism in Svalbard. Jan 09, 2026
Add new Web site: Official Site of the Svalbard Museum. Nov 14, 2025
Add new Web site: USGS Publications Warehouse - Europe: Glaciers of Svalbard, Norway (PDF). Oct 03, 2025
Add new Web site: CORE - Geology of Svalbard (PDF). May 22, 2025
Add new Web site: BBC - Welcome to Svalbard: a place anyone can call home. Feb 12, 2025
Add new Web site: Academia - Why is Svalbard an island? Evidence for two-stage uplift, magmatic underplating, and mantle thermal anomalies. Nov 17, 2023
Add new Web site: Cool Antarctica - Musk Ox - Svalbard / Spitsbergen. Aug 08, 2023
Map added. Jun 15, 2023
Add new Web site: World History Encyclopedia - A History of Svalbard. Jan 06, 2023
Add new Web site: GlobalSecurity.org - Svalbard, Norway. Nov 21, 2022
Add new Web site: Official Tourism Site of Svalbard, Norway. Sep 06, 2022
Deleted video. Apr 06, 2020
Add new Web site: UNESCO World Heritage Convention - Svalbard Archipelago. Jan 08, 2020
Media added. Dec 15, 2017
Cross-references added. Sep 27, 2017
Media added. Aug 11, 2017
Added video. Jan 13, 2015
Added video. Dec 17, 2014
Add new Web site: ThinkQuest - Svalbard, Norway. May 31, 2011
Add new Web site: Lonely Planet - Svalbard, Norway. May 31, 2011
Norway and Russia agreed to a boundary in the Barents Sea in 2010. Sep 17, 2010
Media added. Dec 09, 2008
Added new Web site: How Stuff Works - Geography - Geography of Svalbard. Jul 30, 2008
Article revised and updated. Mar 17, 2008
Added new Web site: Central Intelligence Agency - The World Factbook - Svalbard. Jul 26, 2006
Article added to new online database. Jul 20, 1998
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