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Stillwater, city, seat (1907) of Payne county, north-central Oklahoma, U.S. It was first recorded in 1884 as a colony of “boomers” (illegal homesteaders from Kansas) on Stillwater Creek, near its confluence with the Cimarron River; the colony was led by Civil War veteran Captain David L. Payne, to whom a memorial park was dedicated in 1996. A permanent settlement was begun in April 1889 in the first great Oklahoma land run. Growth was stimulated by...