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The town of Spitak, located in Armenia, was destroyed by a massive earthquake on December 7, 1988. This earthquake caused severe damage to the region and resulted in approximately 25,000 fatalities. The earthquake also destroyed nearly one-third of Armenia's industrial capacity, significantly weakening its economy. This event, coupled with a blockade imposed by Azerbaijan in 1989 and subsequent energy shortages, led to widespread economic hardship in Armenia during the 1990s.12

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