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Soweto, urban complex in Gauteng province, South Africa. Originally set aside by the South African white government for residence by Blacks, it adjoins the city of Johannesburg on the southwest; its name is an acronym derived from South-Western Townships. It is the country’s largest Black urban complex. The townships constituting Soweto grew out of shantytowns and slums that arose with the arrival of Black labourers from rural areas, in particular in the period between World...