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The term "Kohistan" refers to mountainous or hilly areas in Pakistan and Afghanistan. In Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, it describes a sparsely populated region west of Chilas and the Kagan Valley. This area includes Indus Kohistan, Swat Kohistan (Kalam), and Dir Kohistan, extending to the Afghan border. These ranges are part of the outer Himalayas, featuring snow-capped peaks above 12,000 feet, forested hills, and the Indus River valley. The inhabitants are primarily of Turco-Iranian origin, including Pashtun tribes, who raise livestock and grow crops.1

Sindh Kohistan, located in western Sindh province, is a barren, hilly tract that forms outlying spurs of the Kirthar Range. Cultivation is limited to areas along seasonal streams, and cattle grazing is the main occupation.1

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  1. Kohistan
  2. Sindh

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