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San Juan, city, capital of San Juan provincia (province), west-central Argentina. It lies along the San Juan River and is enclosed by foothills of the Andes Mountains on three sides. Founded in 1562 by Juan Jufré y Montesa, governor of the captaincy general of Cuyo, the city was moved in 1593 to its present site, 2 miles (3 km) south, because of floods; it is now protected by an embankment. Because it was on the...