Phoenice Secunda

ancient province, Middle East

Also known as: Libanesia

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July 1, 2026

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Phoenice Secunda was a Roman province established in the early 5th century CE by Emperor Theodosius II. It was part of the larger Roman province of Syria and encompassed territory east of Mount Lebanon, extending into the Syrian Desert. Its capital was Emesa, and it included cities like Heliopolis (Baalbek), Damascus, and Palmyra. This region was historically part of Phoenicia, an ancient land along the eastern Mediterranean coast, corresponding to modern Lebanon and parts of Syria and Israel. The cities of Phoenicia, such as Tyre, Sidon, and Byblos, were significant commercial and maritime powers. After the Roman period, the area was conquered by Muslim Arabs in the 630s.12345

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Lebanon
Greek and Roman periods
… (Maritima), basically ancient Phoenicia; and Phoenice Secunda (Libanesia), an area extending to Mount Lebanon on the west and deep into the Syrian Desert on the east. Phoenice Secunda included the cities of Emesa (its capital), Heliopolis, Damascus, and Palmyra.
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… (Maritima), basically ancient Phoenicia; and Phoenice Secunda (Libanesia), an area extending to Mount Lebanon on the west and deep into the Syrian Desert on the east. Phoenice Secunda included the cities of Emesa (its capital), Heliopolis, Damascus, and Palmyra.
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