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Pas-de-Calais is a d\u00e9partement in northern France, part of the former Nord\u2013Pas-de-Calais r\u00e9gion, which merged with Picardy in 2016 to form the new entity of Hauts-de-France. It is a low-lying area, with some parts situated below sea level. The d\u00e9partement is named after the Strait of Dover, which separates France from England. The main city in Pas-de-Calais is Calais, an industrial seaport and a significant cross-Channel port. Historically, the region was known for coal mining and textile manufacturing, but these industries have declined, leading to efforts to diversify the economy with automobile manufacturing and a growing service sector.12

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