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Parthia
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Parthia: Hatra ruins Map showing the Parthian Empire at its greatest extent in the 1st century BCE, shaded in green and covering much of present-day Iran, Iraq, and surrounding regions. Major ancient cities, trade routes, rivers, and neighboring territories such as Mesopotamia, Media, Persis, Sogdiana, and Armenia are labeled. The map also shows nearby bodies of water including the Caspian Sea, Persian Gulf, and Arabian Sea. Map showing Mesopotamia and surrounding regions during Seleucid-Parthian times, overlaid with modern political boundaries and country names. Ancient regions such as Osroene, Adiabene, Gordyene, and Characene are labeled in red, while major rivers like the Tigris and Euphrates and key cities such as Babylon, Seleucia, and Ctesiphon are marked within the present-day Middle East, including Iraq, Syria, Iran, and neighboring countries. Historical map showing ancient Mesopotamia with labeled locations of major archaeological and historical sites. Symbols and color codes indicate sites from the prehistoric era, Sumerian-Akkadian culture, Babylonian and Neo-Babylonian eras, Assyrian civilization, Hurrian era, late Persian, Greek, and Parthian eras, as well as marshland areas. The map covers the region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, including present-day Iraq and surrounding areas.
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Marble bust of Alexander the Great, in the British Museum, London, England. Hellenistic Greek, 2nd-1st century BC. Said to be from Alexandria, Egypt. Height: 37 cm.
Ancient Greece
Tomb of Mohammed Bin Ali, Salalah, Oman.
A View of the Middle East
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Parthia: Media

ancient region, Iran
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Parthia: Hatra ruins
Aerial view of ancient city ruins from the Parthian era in Hatra, Iraq.
Sgt. 1st Class Wendy Butts—Multi-National Corps Iraq Public Affairs/U.S. Department of Defense
Parthian empire
The Parthian empire in the 1st century bce.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Mesopotamia in the Seleucid and Parthian periods
Mesopotamia in the Seleucid and Parthian periods.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Sites associated with ancient Mesopotamian history
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
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