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New France
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Map showing the routes of Jacques Cartier's first and second voyages to North America in the 1530s. Green arrows trace his 1534 journey, and red arrows trace his 1535-36 journey, both entering the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and traveling along the Saint Lawrence River past locations such as Anticosti Island, the Gaspe Peninsula, Stadacona (Quebec City), and Hochelaga (Montreal). Modern international and provincial boundaries are marked, and the map includes parts of present-day Canada and the northe Histoire de la Nouvelle France Black and white portrait of Samuel de Champlain with shoulder-length hair, a pointed beard, and a mustache, wearing a wide white collar and dark clothing. Port Royal, Nova Scotia A single aged sheet of handwritten French text details a 1692 fur-trade contract, with dark ink and uneven lines visible on the worn, slightly torn paper. Engraving of Marquis de Montcalm dying on a makeshift bed, surrounded by French officers and soldiers, with battle and tents in the background during the Battle of Quebec, 1759. Historical map depicting New France in the 16th to 18th centuries, showing locations of French forts marked with stars and routes of major French explorations labeled in red. The map covers eastern Canada and the northeastern United States, including areas around the Great Lakes, the St. Lawrence River, and the Gulf of St. Lawrence, with Indigenous nations and key waterways labeled.
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New France summary
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New France: References & Edit History

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    Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.

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Article History

Type Description Contributor Date
Invalidated site: National Geographic - The story of New France: the cradle of modern Canada. Oct 16, 2026
Add new Web site: NPS History Electronic Library and Archive - Women of New France (PDF). Dec 27, 2025
Add new Web site: National Geographic - The story of New France: the cradle of modern Canada. Oct 18, 2025
Add new Web site: Government of Canada - New France (1534-1763). Jun 27, 2025
Add new Web site: GlobalSecurity.org - 1599-1589 - Acadia and New France. Jan 09, 2025
Add new Web site: The University of Chicago Press Journals - Taxation in New France: A Study in Pioneer Economics. Nov 13, 2024
Corrected the spelling of Verrazzano. May 02, 2024
Add new Web site: French-Canadian Heritage Society of Michigan - History of New France. Jan 16, 2024
Add new Web site: BCCampus Publishing - The Heroic?Age of New France. Oct 10, 2023
Add new Web site: Canadian Museum of History - Virtual Museum of New France. Apr 14, 2023
Add new Web site: National Museum of American History - New France. Nov 28, 2020
Corrected display issue. Jan 03, 2018
Media added. Nov 20, 2015
Media added. Jun 27, 2013
Media added. Jun 24, 2009
Article revised and updated. Nov 10, 2008
Added new Web site: Library and Archives Canada - History of New France. Aug 07, 2008
Added new Web site: The Canadian Encyclopedia - New France. Dec 26, 2007
Added new Web site: United States History - New France, North America. Dec 26, 2007
Added new Web site: Civilization.ca - New France. Dec 26, 2007
Article added to new online database. Jul 20, 1998
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