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New Caledonia, largest island of the French unique collectivity of New Caledonia, in the southwestern Pacific Ocean 750 miles (1,200 km) east of Australia. Also known as Grande Terre (Mainland), it is approximately 250 miles (400 km) long and 25 miles (40 km) wide. From its coast, the island of New Caledonia rises to a double chain of central mountains, the highest peak of which is Mount Panié, with an elevation of 5,341 feet (1,628...